In Tomography, radiologic staff make a sectional image through a body by moving an x-ray source and the film in opposite directions during the exposure. As a result, structures in the focal plane appear sharper, while structures in other planes appear blurred. By adjusting the direction and range of the movement, operators can select different focal planes which contain the structures of interest. This technique began in the 1930s by the radiologist Alessandro Vallebona, it proved useful in reducing the problem of superimposition of structures in projectional (shadow) radiography. By modifying the direction and extent of the movement, operators can select different focal planes which contain the structures of interest.
In figure A to the left above you see a PA chest x-ray, with the arrow pointing to an inflammatory lesion.
In figure B to the right above you see a left lung apex tomography, where the inflammatory lesion is seen unequivocally, along with its size as well as any caviations.
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